Source location

Location of the Obsidian Ridge source in the Jemez Mountains of New Mexico

NAME OBSIDIAN RIDGE
LOCATION Jemez Mountains, New Mexico
CHEMICAL
SOURCE(S)
Obsidian Ridge.
DESCRIPTION Also known as the Rabbit Mountain source and the Cerro Toledo Rhyolite, this source is located about 10 miles south of the Valles Caldera rim in the Jemez Mountains. Secondary deposits of Rio Grande gravels containing small amounts of obsidian from the Obsidian Ridge source have been reported from as far south as the New Mexico-Texas border.

Prehistoric obsidian from the Obsidian Ridge source often co-occurs with obsidian from other Jemez Mountains sources has been previously identified at numerous localities in New Mexico, southern Colorado, Texas, and Oklahoma. A single projectile point fragment from this source was found at Site 22-HO-626 in Holmes County, Mississippi.

The obsidian sources in the Jemez Mountains and the geology of the Valles Caldera area are described in the geologic and archaeological literature by numerous researchers, including Bailey and Smith (1978), Baugh and Nelson (1987), Heiken et al. (1990), Loeffler et al. (1988), Newman and Nielsen (1985), Smith et al. (1970), and Stevenson and McCurry (1990). Prehistoric use of obsidian from the numerous Jemez Mountains sources is well documented by geochemical studies of artifacts from Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas. The prehistoric procurement of glass from these sources has been the subject of many archaeological investigations, including those by Boyer and Robinson (1956), Mitchell et al. (1980), Hester et al. (1980), Findlow and Bolognese (1980, 1982a, 1982b, 1984), Burns (1981), Winter (1983), Cameron and Sappington (1984), Johnson et al. (1985), Baugh and Nelson (1987), Hughes (1988), Lyons and Johnson (1994), and Ferguson and Skinner (2003).

REFERENCES Bailey and Smith 1978
Baugh and Nelson 1987
Boyer and Robinson 1956
Burns 1981
Cameron and Sappington 1984
Church 2000
Ferguson and Skinner 2003
Findlow and Bolognese 1980, 1982a, 1982b, 1984
Glascock et al. 1999
Goff et al. 1990
Heiken et al. 1990
Hester et al. 1980
Hughes 1988
Johnson et al. 1985
Loeffler et al. 1988
Lyons and Johnson 1994
Mitchell et al. 1980
Newman and Nielsen 1985
Smith et al. 1970
Stevenson and McCurry 1990
Winter 1983
CREDITS --

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Last Updated: 02/08/2004 Compiled by Northwest Research Obsidian Studies Laboratory